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今天，芬兰Hermanni小学校长Lisa Paavilainen的连载就要结束了。最后这一篇，Penni & Lady Lion 为大家带来 Lisa 对“如何教”的具体建议。

请读：

我认为，教育应当以学生为中心，照顾每个学生的个性化需求，给予足够的挑战，发掘最大的潜能。我们应当允许每个学生根据自己的能力，以自己认为舒服的节奏进行学习，并且取得相应的进步。

我们尤其需要关注特殊学生的需求，对于天赋异禀的孩子，不断地给他们出“难题”，让他们充满学习的动力；同时，对于那些进度慢的孩子，我们也要有足够的耐心，放慢节奏，给他们更多简单的指导。在放慢节奏的同时，也要降低对这些学生的要求，这样才不会让他们感到喘不过气来，从而感受到学习是有意义的、使人聪慧的活动。即使某个学生跟不上班里大部分人的进度，需要为他制定个性化学习方案，老师也应当鼓励他去发现自己的长处，而不应当区别对待他。为他制定的个性化学习方案应当扬长避短，着眼于学生的长处，而非揪着他的短处不放。对于这个学生不擅长的部分，我们应当鼓励他努力练习，但是不能过度练习，否则会让他失去自信。学习应当是充满快乐、令人振奋的活动，每个学生都应当为自己的进步而感到自豪。

如果学生开始感到挫败或者绝望，认为学习没有意义，那么我们的教育就失败了。如果学生认为上学很无聊，那么我们的教育还是失败了。如果学生失去了追逐梦想的愿望，没有能力去实现自己的梦想，看不到自己的未来，那么我们的教育就彻底失败了。

Everyone. In my opinion, education should be student focused and nurture to each and every student’s individual needs. It means challenging each learner to reach their potential. Each student should be allowed to make progress according to their own pace and abilities. We should give especially gifted students challenges that will keep them motivated and at the same time give special support to those who need perhaps simplified instructions and a slower pace. If the pace is slower, the demands should also be modified to make the learning meaningful and inspiring rather than making it an intolerable burden. Students who need an individualized learning plan should be encouraged to look for their strengths just like all other students. The individualized learning plan should evolve around the student’s strengths and not focus so much on the weaknesses. Practice in areas in which the student struggles should be kept at a level that ensures the development of a positive self-esteem. Learning should be fun and exciting for everyone and each student should feel a sense of pride in their own progress. When a student starts to feel like a “loser” or a hopeless case, a good-for-nothing, school has failed badly. When a student is underachieving in regards to their potential, school has failed badly. When school is utterly boring to a student, it has failed badly. When a student loses his/her ability to dream and reach for the stars and loses sight into their own future, school has failed badly.

感谢Lisa的来信，相信让每一个读者都收获颇多。也感谢堆堆志愿者YinYin的翻译。

你有教育故事或教育观点与大家分享吗？

欢迎来信：lei.peng@jmdedu.com 或 chuying.liang@jmdedu.com.